Biochemical analysis of CSF fluid (Cerebrospinal Fluid): Composition,

The analysis of CSF fluid (Cerebrospinal Fluid) is important for the diagnosis of certain cerebral diseases. It is filled in a cavity around the brain. CSF contains all essential nutrients for cell growth. Thus it nourishes the neuron of the CNS (Central nervous system).

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) synthesise

Cerebrospinal Fluid is synthesized by the Choroid plexuses of the brain.

what is the normal volume of CSF?

Normal volume of CSF cerebrospinal fluid is 100 to 150 meli litter.

what are the 2 function of CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluid)

The functions of CSF are

1. It nourishes the neuron of the CNS.
2. It protects the brain. Because this acts as a fluid cushion to protect from injuries.

How to Collecte CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluid)

CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluid) collected between the arachnoid space of the spinal cord. A long needle is used under strict aseptic conditions. 2 to 4 ml specimen collected.

Sample collected in 3 to 4 labeled bottles and sent to the laboratory. If mycobacterium tuberculosis suspected 5 ml sample should be collected. The second bottle used for bacteria culture. 3rd bottle is refrigerated, to confirm whether a coagulum is formed or not. Coagulum is the conformation of bacterial meningitis.

what is the collection site for CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluid)

Arachnoid space of the spinal cord used for cerebrospinal fluid collection site

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What are the routine tests for Cerebrospinal Fluid analysis

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has the following test.

1. Appearance
2. Cell count
3. Microscopic Examination
4. Estimation of Protein
5. Glucose Estimation
6. Chloride Estimation
7. CSF culture

Appearance

First of all colour CSF in the bottles are noted. Sometimes blood mixed. The yellow colour of CSF is due to a subarachnoid haemorrhage for a long time or it can be due to jaundice.

If CSF is turbid, it should be noted. Bacterial infection and rising WBC in CSF cause it.

Cell Count

WBC (white blood cells) quantity varies from disease to disease. In tuberculosis meningitis, neutrophils are dominants in CSF. Viral meningitis has more lymphocytes.

Microscopic Examination

Three smears prepared for microscopic study. One slid stain with Leishman stains. Second, slid stain with gram stains (types of bacteria). last slid stain with Z-Neelsen stains (for acid-fast bacilli).

What is the normal composition of csf (Cerebrospinal fluid)

Here is the composition of cerebrospinal fluid in normal condition. In case of any diseases like Tuberculosis or meningitis, this composition changed.

Color	Clear, watery fluid
Protein	0.2- 0.45 mg/dl
Glucose	2.5- 4.5 mg/dl
Chloride	118-127 mmol/l
white blood cell count	0-25 WBC/mm3