Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) blood test range chart by age

The estimated Glomerular filtration rate (eGRT) blood test is an important and essential test for assessing the filtration ability of both kidneys. egfr-stands for “Estimated glomerular filtration rate” In the case of chronic kidney disease (CKD) eGFR decreases. what is the glomerular filtration rate? An estimated glomerular filtration rate test is used to measure the … Read more

Clinical microbiology exam questions and answer

microbiology exam questions and answer

1. Bacteria grow by …….. Process. a. Binary fission b. Budding   2. Time at which one cell gives rise to two progeny cells is called… a. exponential growth b. logarithmic growth  c. both 3.  Exponential growth of e.coli is. a. 20 mints b. 1-hour c. 45 mints 4. In the LAG phase. Which …….. activity … Read more

Chapter 1 microbiology quiz

Clinical microbiology exam questions answer CH # 1+2

1:  which of the following is none cellular organism?   a. Bacteria b. Virus 2.  Bacteria belong to…. cell .     a. Prokaryotic b. Eukaryotic           3. Which organism lacks a nucleus? a. Bacteria   b. virus   4. Which of the organisms lack mitochondria? A. bacteria b. virus     c. both 5. Cell wall made up of chitin..    … Read more

Incredible Foods For Male Fertility

When you’re seeking to conceive or freezing sperm for later, you need all conditions to be just right. So you get healthy, improve your daily diet, and cut out the toxins. But can specific “superfoods for male fertility” actually change the quality of your sperm? Researches show that what you eat can grow sperm quality, … Read more

24-hour urine creatinine clearance calculator, formula (GFR-test procedure)

A 24-hour urine creatinine clearance calculator uses to calculate the creatinine filtration. 24-hour urine creatinine clearance formula GFRt or C.Clearance = U * V / P * 24 * 60 What is the Glomerular Filtration Rate test mean? The glomerular Filtration Rate test or GFRt is a short form of the glomerular filtration rate test. … Read more

Nitrate reduction test principle, procedure, purpose, result

Nitrate reduction test principle, procedure, purpose, result

The nitrate reduction test is an important biochemical test in microbiology. It is used to differentiate the various gram-negative rods and also mycobacteria. Nitrate reduction test principle Some anaerobic bacteria use nitrates in an anaerobic environment. As a result, they produce NITRITE and NITROGEN gas. Nitrite changes the color of media, while nitrogen gas can … Read more

Liver function test normal range chart

Liver function test normal range chart (LFT test), Alt, Ast, Alp, albumin, total protein

A liver function test (LFT test) is an important test for measuring a particular biomarker in the blood. It helps in the Here’s the video of Liver function test normal range chart (LFT test), Alt, Ast, Alp, albumin, total protein. There are two groups of tests used to assess the liver disease. Routine Liver Function … Read more

H2S test (hydrogen sulfide test) principle, procedure, reagents

H2S test is an important test in microbiology for the identification of various enterobacteria and Brucella species. H2S test principle H2S (hydrogen sulfide) produced by many bacteria due to reaction with sulphur containing amino-acid. This H2S (hydrogen sulfide) detected by a change in colour by the reaction of H2S and ferrous chloride leading to black … Read more

What is Nagler’s reaction microbiology

Clostridium perfringens Nagler reaction principle procedure (lecithinase test)

The Nagler reaction test is used to identify the gram-positive bacilli clostridium perfringens. Clostridium perfringens have six serotypes from A to F, but only three A, C, and F types cause disease. Clostridium perfringen causes gas gangrene and food poisioning. Nagler reaction test principle Clostridium per fringe bacteria produces lecithinase, which creates opalescence in the … Read more

Optochin sensitivity test Principle, procedure (streptococcus pneumonia)

An optochin sensitivity test is used for the alpha-hemolytic streptococcus pneumoniae biochemical test. With the help of this test, we diagnose streptococcus pneumonia another alpha-hemolytic streptococcus. Optochin sensitivity test principle Optochin is a chemical (ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride). It is an antibiotic. It interferes with ATP synthesizing enzyme called ATPase in bacteria. It causes the change in … Read more