Catalase test is important for identification of varius bacteria specially staphylococcus aureus in microbiology. Here we learn about principle of catalase test, procedure and the reagents. Catalase test principle microbiology Catalase synthesized by some bacteria acts as a catalyst in the breakdown of Hydrogen peroxide (3% H2O2) results in the production of Oxygen gas (O2) … Read more
The Tourniquet Test is a diagnostic test used to assess capillary fragility, particularly in cases of suspected dengue fever or other conditions that may cause bleeding or bruising issues. It helps to identify the tendency of blood vessels (capillaries) to break under pressure, which can be a sign of thrombocytopenia (low platelet count). Tourniquet test … Read more
Prothrombin time test procedure used to check the activity of the EXTRINSIC and COMMON coagulation pathways under standard conditions. When thromboplastin (prepared from rabbit brain) and calcium are added to citrated plasma. It activates the coagulation pathway, resulting in a FIBRIN clot. The time taken, for this clot to form is called prothrombin time. Prothrombin … Read more
Bleeding time or BT is used to assess the ability of blood to clot by measuring the time it takes for bleeding to stop after a standardized skin puncture. It provides information about platelet function and the initial phase of hemostasis. During bleeding, platelets adhere to the damaged blood vessels, aggregate together, and form a … Read more
The perfect blood smear technique is important for the microscopic study of microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, and other parasites like Plasmodium species, Leishmania species, and others. Ideal blood film is necessary for identifying the specific types of anemia, whether it is microcytic anemia, microcytic hypochromic, or normocytic anemia. What are the uses of peripheral blood … Read more
May grunwald giemsa stain is Romanowsky stain.They are composed of two components azure B and Eosin Y. Azure B bind with anionic parts of cell-like DNA and stain them blue. While Eosin Y binds with cationic parts of cell-like protein, it stains them the red color. Giemsa stain was first discovered by Gustav Giemsa in 1902 It is composed … Read more
AFB use carbol fuchsin (a red dye) followed by acid-alcohol decolorization and counterstaining with methylene blue. AFB appear bright red against a blue background. Modified afb stain procedure Following are the 4 steps in acid-fast staining. Why ziehl-neelsen stain (ZN staining) is called acid fast? In the ziehl Neilsen stain, we use strong acids such … Read more
Here is the gram staining procedure step-wise. Gram staining principle The gram staining technique is based on the variation in cell wall thickness. when a bacterial smear is mixed with a gram stain. Gram-positive bacteria retain crystal violet color due to their cell wall thickness. While iodine removes the violet stain on gram-negative bacteria (due … Read more
Hydatid cyst of the liver caused by the Cysticerci of a Cestode. Hydatid cyst caused by the Echinococcus granulosus. This disease is caused by cystic echinococcosis. Composite computer illustration showing Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst in the human liver and close-up view of larvae protoscolices inside hydatid cyst. E. granulosus is a parasitic tapeworm, also called … Read more
Here you will learn about the “Filariasis symptoms life cycle”.It is a nematode disease. In this disease, the Larva of microfilariae is the main source. Filarial worms are long and thin. It attacks the lymphatic system and subcutaneous connective tissue. Most nematodes produce microfilariae in the blood of the host. Filariasis has two main types … Read more