Bleeding time or BT is used to assess the ability of blood to clot by measuring the time it takes for bleeding to stop after a standardized skin puncture. It provides information about platelet function and the initial phase of hemostasis. During bleeding, platelets adhere to the damaged blood vessels, aggregate together, and form a … Read more
The perfect blood smear technique is important for the microscopic study of microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, and other parasites like Plasmodium species, Leishmania species, and others. Ideal blood film is necessary for identifying the specific types of anemia, whether it is microcytic anemia, microcytic hypochromic, or normocytic anemia. What are the uses of peripheral blood … Read more
May grunwald giemsa stain is Romanowsky stain.They are composed of two components azure B and Eosin Y. Azure B bind with anionic parts of cell-like DNA and stain them blue. While Eosin Y binds with cationic parts of cell-like protein, it stains them the red color. Giemsa stain was first discovered by Gustav Giemsa in 1902 It is composed … Read more
AFB use carbol fuchsin (a red dye) followed by acid-alcohol decolorization and counterstaining with methylene blue. AFB appear bright red against a blue background. Modified afb stain procedure Following are the 4 steps in acid-fast staining. Why ziehl-neelsen stain (ZN staining) is called acid fast? In the ziehl Neilsen stain, we use strong acids such … Read more
Here is the gram staining procedure step-wise. Gram staining principle The gram staining technique is based on the variation in cell wall thickness. when a bacterial smear is mixed with a gram stain. Gram-positive bacteria retain crystal violet color due to their cell wall thickness. While iodine removes the violet stain on gram-negative bacteria (due … Read more
Hydatid cyst of the liver caused by the Cysticerci of a Cestode. Hydatid cyst caused by the Echinococcus granulosus. This disease is caused by cystic echinococcosis. Composite computer illustration showing Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst in the human liver and close-up view of larvae protoscolices inside hydatid cyst. E. granulosus is a parasitic tapeworm, also called … Read more
Here you will learn about the “Filariasis symptoms life cycle”.It is a nematode disease. In this disease, the Larva of microfilariae is the main source. Filarial worms are long and thin. It attacks the lymphatic system and subcutaneous connective tissue. Most nematodes produce microfilariae in the blood of the host. Filariasis has two main types … Read more
Black fever is caused by the Leishmania species. It is also called Indian fever. This fever has many names as KALA AZAR, black fever, black fly fever, and visceral leishmaniasis. It is mostly found in India and Sudan. Black fever symptoms (Kala-azar ) Kala-azar has the following symptoms. Fever weightloss fatigue Rapid pulse rate Black … Read more
mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is a cutaneous disease caused by the flagellate protozoan called the Leishmania Tropica complex. It is transmitted by the sandfly of the genus PHLEBOTOMUS. mucocutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Female Sandfly genus phlebotomus is the causative agent of leishmania cutaneous. This sandfly is the definitive host. Human is the intermediate host. Cutaneous leishmaniasis has … Read more
The analysis of CSF fluid (Cerebrospinal Fluid) is important for the diagnosis of certain cerebral diseases. It is filled in a cavity around the brain. CSF contains all essential nutrients for cell growth. Thus it nourishes the neuron of the CNS (Central nervous system). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) synthesise Cerebrospinal Fluid is synthesized by the Choroid … Read more