Here is the important Sexual reproduction quizlet.
1. What is the primary advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
A) Faster reproduction
B) Production of identical offspring
C) Increased genetic diversity
D) Less energy required
Answer: C) Increased genetic diversity
2. Which cell division process is responsible for the formation of gametes?
A) Mitosis
B) Binary fission
C) Budding
D) Meiosis
Answer: D) Meiosis
3. What is the chromosome number in human gametes?
A) 23
B) 46
C) 22
D) 44
Answer: A) 23
4. In humans, what are the male and female gametes called?
A) Eggs and seeds
B) Pollen and ovules
C) Sperm and egg
D) Spores and buds
Answer: C) Sperm and egg
5. Where does fertilization usually occur in humans?
A) Ovary
B) Uterus
C) Fallopian tube
D) Vagina
Answer: C) Fallopian tube
6. What is the main function of the placenta in mammals?
A) To produce hormones
B) To nourish the developing embryo
C) To eliminate waste from the mother’s body
D) To protect the embryo from diseases
Answer: B) To nourish the developing embryo
7. Which of the following statements is true about meiosis?
A) It produces two genetically identical cells.
B) It occurs in all body cells.
C) It produces four genetically diverse cells.
D) It results in the doubling of chromosome number.
Answer: C) It produces four genetically diverse cells.
8. What does crossing over during meiosis result in?
A) Reduced number of chromosomes
B) Increased chromosome size
C) Genetic recombination
D) Identical daughter cells
Answer: C) Genetic recombination
9. Which organ produces sperm in males?
A) Ovaries
B) Uterus
C) Testes
D) Fallopian tubes
Answer: C) Testes
10. What is a zygote?
A) A male reproductive cell
B) A female reproductive cell
C) A fertilized egg cell
D) A type of hormone
Answer: C) A fertilized egg cell
11. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of sexual reproduction?
A) Requires two parents
B) Offspring are genetically identical to parents
C) Involves the fusion of gametes
D) Leads to genetic variation
Answer: B) Offspring are genetically identical to parents
12. What determines the sex of a human baby?
A) The number of chromosomes
B) The age of the mother
C) The type of cell division
D) The combination of X and Y chromosomes
Answer: D) The combination of X and Y chromosomes
13. Which of the following structures in flowering plants is equivalent to the sperm in animals?
A) Ovule
B) Petal
C) Pollen
D) Stigma
Answer: C) Pollen
14. In a sexually reproducing organism, what type of cells undergo meiosis?
A) Skin cells
B) Nerve cells
C) Germ cells
D) Muscle cells
Answer: C) Germ cells
15. What is the main difference between internal and external fertilization?
A) Internal fertilization does not involve gametes.
B) External fertilization occurs inside the female body.
C) Internal fertilization requires water.
D) External fertilization occurs outside the body, usually in water.
Answer: D) External fertilization occurs outside the body, usually in water.
16. Which of the following is an example of an organism that reproduces sexually?
A) Bacteria
B) Hydra
C) Amoeba
D) Humans
Answer: D) Humans
17. What is the genetic composition of gametes in terms of chromosome number?
A) Diploid
B) Triploid
C) Tetraploid
D) Haploid
Answer: D) Haploid
18. Which hormone triggers ovulation in females?
A) Estrogen
B) Testosterone
C) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D) Progesterone
Answer: C) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
19. Which structure in plants contains the female gamete?
A) Stamen
B) Pollen
C) Anther
D) Ovule
Answer: D) Ovule
20. What term describes the process where male and female gametes combine to form a new organism?
A) Mitosis
B) Budding
C) Pollination
D) Fertilization
Answer: D) Fertilization
21. What is the primary function of meiosis in sexual reproduction?
A) To produce identical cells
B) To generate energy for the cell
C) To produce gametes with half the chromosome number
D) To increase cell size
Answer: C) To produce gametes with half the chromosome number
22. What are homologous chromosomes?
A) Chromosomes that are identical
B) Chromosomes that have the same genes but may have different alleles
C) Chromosomes that are found only in females
D) Chromosomes that are responsible for sex determination
Answer: B) Chromosomes that have the same genes but may have different alleles
23. Which of the following structures forms after fertilization?
A) Embryo
B) Sperm
C) Pollen grain
D) Seed
Answer: A) Embryo
24. What is the role of the fallopian tubes in the female reproductive system?
A) Site of fertilization
B) Production of eggs
C) Nourishment of the embryo
D) Passage for urine
Answer: A) Site of fertilization
25. Which of the following is a hermaphroditic organism?
A) Human
B) Earthworm
C) Frog
D) Bacteria
Answer: B) Earthworm
26. In which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?
A) Prophase I
B) Metaphase II
C) Anaphase I
D) Telophase II
Answer: A) Prophase I
27. What is the term for the fusion of a male and female gamete in plants?
A) Germination
B) Pollination
C) Syngamy
D) Budding
Answer: C) Syngamy
28. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Testosterone
D) Luteinizing hormone
Answer: C) Testosterone
29. What is the purpose of the menstrual cycle in females?
A) To eliminate waste from the body
B) To prepare the body for fertilization and pregnancy
C) To regulate body temperature
D) To provide nutrients to the embryo
Answer: B) To prepare the body for fertilization and pregnancy
30. Which of the following is NOT part of the male reproductive system?
A) Testes
B) Urethra
C) Fallopian tube
D) Vas deferens
Answer: C) Fallopian tube
31. Which part of the flower contains the female reproductive organs?
A) Stamen
B) Sepal
C) Pistil (or Carpel)
D) Petal
Answer: C) Pistil (or Carpel)
32. Which structure in the male reproductive system is responsible for producing testosterone?
A) Seminal vesicles
B) Prostate gland
C) Epididymis
D) Testes
Answer: D) Testes
33. What is the term for the early stage of development from a zygote until eight weeks in humans?
- A) Fetus
- B) Embryo
- C) Neonate
- D) Gamete
Answer: B) Embryo
34. Which of the following processes contributes to genetic variation during sexual reproduction?
A) Binary fission
B) Budding
C) Cloning
D) Independent assortment of chromosomes
Answer: D) Independent assortment of chromosomes
35. Which organ in females produces eggs?
A) Testes
B) Ovary
C) Uterus
D) Cervix
Answer: B) Ovary
36. Which reproductive strategy involves organisms releasing large numbers of eggs and sperm into the water?
A) Internal fertilization
B) Parthenogenesis
C) Asexual reproduction
D) External fertilization
Answer: D) External fertilization
37. Which of the following is true about asexual reproduction compared to sexual reproduction?
A) It results in greater genetic diversity.
B) It requires more energy and time.
C) It produces genetically identical offspring.
D) It always involves two parents.
Answer: C) It produces genetically identical offspring.
38. What is the purpose of the acrosome in a sperm cell?
A) To provide energy for movement
B) To contain genetic material
C) To penetrate the egg cell
D) To regulate cell division
Answer: C) To penetrate the egg cell
39. Which structure in flowering plants acts as the male reproductive organ?
A) Ovary
B) Pistil
C) Stamen
D) Stigma
Answer: C) Stamen
40. In plants, what structure develops into a seed after fertilization?
A) Petal
B) Ovule
C) Sepal
D) Stamen
Answer: B) Ovule