Glycolysis, a vitally essential metabolic pathway, plays a pivotal role occurring within the cytoplasm of cells. It serves as the foremost and primary step in efficiently breaking down glucose, which happens to be a fundamental and uncomplicated sugar molecule, ultimately resulting in the generation of ample energy.
This highly significant process holds paramount importance in facilitating both aerobic, oxygen-dependent respiration, and anaerobic, oxygen-independent respiration.
Steps of glycolysis with enzymes diagram
Certainly! Here are the steps of glycolysis:
Glucose phosphorylation: In the first step, a molecule of glucose is phosphorylated, which means it receives a phosphate group from ATP. This creates glucose-6-phosphate.
Isomerization: Glucose-6-phosphate is then rearranged and converted into its isomer, fructose-6-phosphate.
Second phosphorylation: Fructose-6-phosphate is phosphorylated again, this time with another ATP molecule. This forms fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.
Cleavage: Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is cleaved into two three-carbon molecules called glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P).
Energy Harvesting and NADH Production: Each G3P molecule is oxidized and phosphorylated, resulting in the production of ATP and NADH. This converts G3P into 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate.
ATP Generation: 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate donates a high-energy phosphate group to ADP, forming ATP. This step also converts it into 3-phosphoglycerate.
Rearrangement: 3-phosphoglycerate undergoes an isomerization reaction to become 2-phosphoglycerate.
Dehydration: Water is removed from 2-phosphoglycerate, forming phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP).
Final ATP Generation: PEP transfers its phosphate group to ADP to form ATP, resulting in the formation of pyruvate.
- Note: The net production of ATP during glycolysis is 2 ATP molecules. However, it’s important to note that the gross production of ATP during glycolysis is actually 4 ATP molecules.
Here’s the video of “glycolysis pathway steps products diagram”.
Glycolysis pathway products
Glycolysis synthesis ATP, pyruvate and water molecules. Here’s the number of each product is.
- ATP : The net production of ATP during glycolysis is 2 ATP molecules.
- Pyruvate : Glycolysis produces two molecules of pyruvate.
- NADH: It generates two molecules of NADH.
- Water :Water molecules are not directly produced during glycolysis, but they can be formed as a byproduct of subsequent reactions in cellular respiration.
where does glycolysis occur?
what are the products of glycolysis?
how many nadh are produced by glycolysis?
how many ATP are produced by glycolysis?
what are the reactants of glycolysis?
what is the end product of glycolysis?
which process connects glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?
What is the purpose of glycolysis?
In glycolysis, what starts the process of glucose oxidation?
Irreversible steps of glycolysis?
1. Glucose phosphorylation
2. Fructose-6-phosphate to Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
3. Phosphoenolpyruvate to Pyruvate
Quite interesting and educative
Thank you