Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix. It usually causes sudden pain in the lower right abdomen, often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and fever.
Here are the most common tests and evaluations for diagnosing appendicitis:
- McBurney’s Point Tenderness: Pressing on the lower right side of the abdomen can reveal specific pain, especially at McBurney’s point.
- Rebound Tenderness: If pressing into the abdomen and releasing quickly causes more pain than the initial press, it can indicate peritoneal inflammation, commonly associated with appendicitis.
- Guarding and Rigidity: Involuntary tensing or stiffness in the abdomen when the area is touched can also indicate inflammation.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC): A high white blood cell (WBC) count is a common sign of infection or inflammation, which is often present with appendicitis.
- C-reactive Protein (CRP): This marker rises in response to inflammation and can help support a diagnosis, especially if elevated alongside WBCs.
- A urinalysis can rule out a urinary tract infection or kidney stones, which can sometimes mimic appendicitis pain.
- Ultrasound: This is often the first imaging test used, especially in children and pregnant women. It can show an enlarged appendix or signs of inflammation.
- CT Scan (Computed Tomography): A CT scan is highly accurate for diagnosing appendicitis and is commonly used for adults to provide a detailed image of the appendix and surrounding areas.
- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Often used if radiation exposure from a CT scan is a concern (e.g., for pregnant women), MRI can also give detailed images of the appendix.